In what ways was the Haskallah seeking to destroy the Jewish
community? In what ways did it seek to preserve that community?
Discuss.
Outline the important trends in the demographic history of modern
Jews. Explain briefly how these developments shaped Jewish society.
What is the relation between Jewish status and Jewish economic
development in modern times? Explain briefly how Jewish economic
functions changed in modern times.
Outline factors that contributed to renewed toleration for Jews in
the West in modern times. What is the difference between toleration and
emancipation?